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8.8
CVE-2026-43284KEVEXPLOITEDPATCHED
linux · linux_kernel

xfrm: esp: avoid in-place decrypt on shared skb frags

Description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: xfrm: esp: avoid in-place decrypt on shared skb frags MSG_SPLICE_PAGES can attach pages from a pipe directly to an skb. TCP marks such skbs with SKBFL_SHARED_FRAG after skb_splice_from_iter(), so later paths that may modify packet data can first make a private copy. The IPv4/IPv6 datagram append paths did not set this flag when splicing pages into UDP skbs. That leaves an ESP-in-UDP packet made from shared pipe pages looking like an ordinary uncloned nonlinear skb. ESP input then takes the no-COW fast path for uncloned skbs without a frag_list and decrypts in place over data that is not owned privately by the skb. Mark IPv4/IPv6 datagram splice frags with SKBFL_SHARED_FRAG, matching TCP. Also make ESP input fall back to skb_cow_data() when the flag is present, so ESP does not decrypt externally backed frags in place. Private nonlinear skb frags still use the existing fast path. This intentionally does not change ESP output. In esp_output_head(), the path that appends the ESP trailer to existing skb tailroom without calling skb_cow_data() is not reachable for nonlinear skbs: skb_tailroom() returns zero when skb->data_len is nonzero, while ESP tailen is positive. Thus ESP output will either use the separate destination-frag path or fall back to skb_cow_data().

Affected Products

VendorProductVersions
linuxlinux_kernelcac2661c53f35cbe651bef9b07026a5a05ab8ce0, cac2661c53f35cbe651bef9b07026a5a05ab8ce0, cac2661c53f35cbe651bef9b07026a5a05ab8ce0, cac2661c53f35cbe651bef9b07026a5a05ab8ce0, cac2661c53f35cbe651bef9b07026a5a05ab8ce0, cac2661c53f35cbe651bef9b07026a5a05ab8ce0, cac2661c53f35cbe651bef9b07026a5a05ab8ce0, cac2661c53f35cbe651bef9b07026a5a05ab8ce0, cac2661c53f35cbe651bef9b07026a5a05ab8ce0, cac2661c53f35cbe651bef9b07026a5a05ab8ce0, 4.11

Also Affects

Downstream vendors/products affected by this vulnerability

VendorProductSourceConfidence
linuxlinuxmitre_affected90%
open sourcelinux kernelcert_advisory90%
oracleoracle communicationscert_advisory90%

References

  • https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a6cb440f274a22456ef3e86b457344f1678f38f9
  • https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ab8b995323e5237041472d07e5055f5f7dcdf15b
  • https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fe785bb3a8096dffcc4048a85cd0c83337eeecad
  • https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5d55c7336f8032d434adcc5fab987ccc93a44aec
  • https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8253aab4659ca16116b522203c2a6b18dccacea7
  • https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/50ed1e7873100f77abad20fd31c51029bc49cd03
  • https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b54edf1e9a3fd3491bdcb82a21f8d21315271e0d
  • https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/71a1d9d985d26716f74d21f18ee8cac821b06e97
  • https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/52646cbd00e765a6db9c3afe9535f26218276034
  • https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f4c50a4034e62ab75f1d5cdd191dd5f9c77fdff4

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CVSS 3.18.8 HIGH
VectorCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
CISA KEV✅ Yes
Actively exploited✅ Yes
Patch available
50ed1e7873100f77abad20fd31c51029bc49cd03b54edf1e9a3fd3491bdcb82a21f8d21315271e0d71a1d9d985d26716f74d21f18ee8cac821b06e9752646cbd00e765a6db9c3afe9535f2621827603406.6.1386.12.876.18.287.0.5
PublishedMay 8, 2026
Last enriched32d agov24
Tags
local privilege escalationIPsecDirty FragEnterprise LinuxDebian-based distributionsSUSE-based distributionsLPEkernel vulnerabilitiesCopy FailLinux distributionspost-compromise escalationroot accessmemory fragmentationLinux kernel vulnerabilitiesTailsCVE-2026-43284CVE-2026-43500Fragnesiauniversal Linux LPEfragnesiaVU#980487Moxasecurity advisoryPage-Cache WriteMemory CorruptionKukuriguESP-in-TCP
Trending Score41
Source articles51
Independent23
Info Completeness12/14
Missing: epss, mitre_attack

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Verification

State: verified
Confidence: 0%

Vulnerability Timeline

CVE Published
May 8, 2026
Added to CISA KEV
May 8, 2026
Discovered by ZDM
May 8, 2026
Updated: affectedVersions
May 8, 2026
Updated: cweIds, tags
May 8, 2026
Updated: description, cweIds, exploitAvailable, activelyExploited, tags
May 8, 2026
Updated: description, affectedVersions, tags
May 8, 2026
Updated: affectedVersions, cweIds, tags
May 9, 2026
Updated: description, severity
May 9, 2026
Updated: cweIds, tags
May 11, 2026
Updated: description, cweIds, tags
May 11, 2026
Updated: description, severity
May 11, 2026
Updated: affectedVersions, cweIds, tags
May 12, 2026
Updated: description, iocs, tags
May 13, 2026
Updated: affectedVersions, tags
May 14, 2026
Updated: affectedVersions, severity
May 14, 2026
Updated: description, affectedVersions, tags
May 20, 2026
Updated: cweIds, tags
May 26, 2026
Updated: affectedVersions, cweIds, tags
May 28, 2026
Updated: description, severity, tags
May 28, 2026
Updated: severity, cweIds, tags
May 29, 2026
Updated: description, affectedVersions, severity, iocs
May 29, 2026
Updated: description
May 29, 2026
Updated: cvssEstimate, description
Jun 3, 2026
Updated: description, cweIds
Jun 3, 2026
Updated: cweIds
Jul 7, 2026
Actively Exploited
Aug 5, 2026
Exploit Available
Aug 5, 2026
Patch Available
Aug 5, 2026

Version History

v24
Last enriched 32d ago
v24Tier D32d ago

Updated description with details about the Januscape vulnerability and added CWE-416 and patch commit 81ccda30b4e8.

cweIds
via BleepingComputer
v23Tier A66d ago

Added detailed description of CVE-2026-43500 and included a new CWE ID.

descriptioncweIds
via Fortinet PSIRT
v22Tier A66d ago

Updated CVSS from 8.8 to 7.9 and added detailed technical description of the vulnerabilities.

cvssEstimatedescription
via Fortinet PSIRT
v21Tier C71d ago

Updated description with more technical detail about the vulnerabilities and added the tag 'Dirty Frag'.

description
via Rapid7 Blog
v20Tier C71d ago

Updated description with new technical details, added CVE-2026-46300, changed severity to CRITICAL, and included new IoCs and tags.

descriptionaffectedVersionsseverityiocs
via Exploit-DB
v19Tier C71d ago

Updated affected versions, severity to HIGH, added new CWE-463, and included new tags related to Fragnesia.

severitycweIdstags
via Exploit-DB
v18Tier C72d ago

Updated description with detailed exploit information, changed severity to CRITICAL, and added new affected versions and tags.

descriptionseveritytags
via Exploit-DB
v17Tier C72d ago

Updated description with detailed exploit information, added affected versions, changed severity to CRITICAL, and included new CWE IDs and tags.

affectedVersionscweIdstags
via Exploit-DB
v16Tier B74d ago

Added CWE-20 and new tags related to Moxa security advisory.

cweIdstags
via CCCS Canada
v15Tier B80d ago

Added a detailed description of the vulnerability and included the new affected version 4.10 along with new tags related to the vulnerability.

descriptionaffectedVersionstags
via CERT/CC Vuln Notes
v14Tier C86d ago

Added affected version f4c50a4034e6 and updated severity to CRITICAL.

affectedVersionsseverity
via oss-security
v13Tier C87d ago

Added new affected version f4c50a4034e6 and included the new tag 'fragnesia'.

affectedVersionstags
via oss-security
v12Tier C87d ago

Updated description with new technical details about the vulnerability and added new IoCs and tags related to the exploit.

descriptioniocstags
via oss-security
v11Tier D88d ago

Added affected version 7.7.3 for Tails and included new CVE IDs CVE-2026-43284 and CVE-2026-43500.

affectedVersionscweIdstags
via Heise Security
v10Tier D89d ago

Updated description with new details about the discovery and impact, changed severity to IMPORTANT, and noted that no patch is currently available.

descriptionseverity
via The Record
v9Tier D89d ago

Updated description with detailed technical information about the Dirty Frag exploit and added new CWE and tags.

descriptioncweIdstags
via CSO Online
v8Tier D89d ago

Updated description with detailed technical information, added new CWE IDs, and included new tags related to the vulnerability.

cweIdstags
via SecurityWeek
v7Tier C91d ago

Updated description with detailed technical information about the Dirty Frag exploit and changed severity from NONE to HIGH.

descriptionseverity
via Qualys Blog
v6Tier C91d ago

Updated description with new technical details, added affected versions, changed severity to HIGH, and included new CWE and tags.

affectedVersionscweIdstags
via Qualys Blog
v5Tier B92d ago

Updated description with details on publicly available Proof of Concepts and added affected environments and tags.

descriptionaffectedVersionstags
via CCCS Canada
v4Tier B92d ago

Updated description with details on CVE-2026-43284 and CVE-2026-43500, added CWE-123, marked as actively exploited, and noted that no universal fix is available.

descriptioncweIdsexploitAvailableactivelyExploitedtags
via CCCS Canada
v3Tier D92d ago

Updated description with details about the 'Dirty Frag' vulnerability and added new CVE IDs and tags.

cweIdstags
via Help Net Security
v2Tier C92d ago

Updated affected versions to include 6.6.137, 6.12.86, 6.18.27, 7.0.4 and changed severity to CRITICAL.

affectedVersions
via VulDB
v192d ago

Initial creation